spotfxtrader

I wrote this in response to a friend complaining about Greek irresponsibility.

The other angle is the corruption of the banking system as it’s currently structured and the complicity of the EU so called creditors i.e. Merkel, (where Germany is the main beneficiary of the Euro) in conjunction with the ECB’s Draghi and Lagarde of the IMF.

There is no tangible value backing ‘money’ in the current fiat banking system. Banks create money when they make loans; all money is loaned into existence. This is confirmed in the BofE Quarterly bulletin from just over a year ago here.

This is done at no material cost to the bank, and yet the payment of the interest requires the investment of intellectual or physical labour of the borrower, which is a material cost. Furthermore, the charging of interest (for risk ?) where the bank can suffer no loss and is not being temporarily deprived of the funds extended as credit (since they didn’t exist prior to the inception of the ‘loan’) means that in reality the entire transaction is utterly inequitable. Fraudulent even, notwithstanding its being legally sanctioned.

At the time the ‘money’ is created, they don’t also create the ‘money’ required to pay the interest, so bankruptcies are an absolute inevitability. It’s musical chairs.

Most of the bailout money ‘given to Greece’ has actually gone to the banks because these loans count as assets on the bank balance sheets and if they get wiped out, bank capital will get reduced, which would cause a deflationary spiral and collapse the entire Eurozone banking system. When you consider that the derivatives exposure of Deutsche Bank is $75 trillion, a 20x multiple of German GDP, this will probably happen anyway, eventually. It’s just a bubble in search of a pin.

Bank balance sheet write downs will be the result of any hard default, whereas QE on the other hand is the way to conduct a silent default and is avidly being pursued by the ECB. So default is not a moral issue for them. But basically the EU has attempted to sacrifice the Greek people in order to keep the banking system afloat and allow them to conduct their own soft default while continuing to extract the output of Greek labour to pay the banker’s salaries. OK, I know that’s a bit of a crude characterisation of the situation.

This entire situation is entirely of the making of the collusion of a large number of players, not least the ECB. By preventing a Greek currency devaluation, the Euro itself is ultimately responsible.

Here’s some more light reading.

http://www.zerohedge.com/news/2015-06-29/good-you-alexis-tsipras-part-1

http://www.zerohedge.com/news/2015-06-29/french-economy-dire-straits-worse-anyone-can-imagine-leaked-nsa-cable-reveals

http://www.zerohedge.com/news/2015-06-25/forget-grexit-madame-frexit-says-france-next-french-presidential-frontrunner-wants-o

http://www.zerohedge.com/news/2015-06-12/deutsche-bank-next-lehman

This is from Graham Summers of Phoenix Capital Research via zerohedge here

As noted in yesterday’s piece concerning how and why Europe could bring about systemic risk, EU banks are likely leveraged at much, much more than 26 to 1.

Indeed, considering how leveraged and toxic US banks’ (especially the investment banks’) balance sheets became from the US housing bubble, the chart I showed you should give everyone pause when they consider the TRUE state of EU bank balance sheets.

This fact in of itself makes the possibility of a systemic collapse of the EU banking system relatively high. Let me give you an example to illustrate this point.

Let’s assume Bank XYZ in Europe has a loan portfolio of €300 million Euros and equity of €30 million Euros. This means the bank is “officially” leveraged at 10 to 1 (this would be a great leverage ratio for a European bank as most of them are leveraged to at least 26 to 1 or worse).

So… let’s say that 10% of the bank’s loans (read: assets) are in fact worth 50% of the value that the bank claims they’re worth (not unlikely if you’re talking about a PIIGS bank). This means that the bank’s actual loan portfolio is worth €285 million (10% of 300 is 30 and 50% of 30 is 15).

With equity of only €30 million, the bank, at some point, will have to take writedowns or one time charges on its loan portfolio that would erase HALF of its equity. At this point, the bank becomes leveraged at 19 to 1 (€285 million in assets on €15 million in equity).

This announcement would result in:

Depositors pulling their funds from the bank (thereby rendering it even more insolvent)
The bank’s shares plunging on the market (raising its leverage levels even higher as equity falls further).

Thus, at a leverage ratio of 10 to 1, even a 50% hit on 10% of a bank’s loan portfolio can result in the bank needing a bailout or even collapsing.

Now, what if that €300 million in loans is actually the amount the bank’s in-house risk models believe to be “at risk” and the REAL loan portfolio is around €800 million?

Immediately, we realize that the bank is in fact leveraged at 26 to 1. At this level even a 4% drop in asset prices erases ALL equity rendering the bank insolvent.

And yet, based on Basel II requirements, this bank can claim in all public disclosures that it is only leveraged at 10 to 1. With this in mind, you should understand why the banks lobbied so hard against a rapid implementation of Basel III capital requirements (which would require equity and capital equal to 10.5% of all of risk-weighted assets.)

Indeed, Basel III requirements which were meant to go in effect at the end of 2012 will now gradually begin to be implemented in 2013. And banks will have until 2015 to adjust to the new capital requirements and until 2019 conservation buffers in place.

With that in mind, take my XYZ bank example, apply it to all of Europe, assume leverage ratios of 26 to 1 at the very minimum (Lehman blew up when it was leveraged at 30 to 1), and take another look at the housing bubbles in the above chart.

In simple terms Europe’s entire €46 trillion banking system is in far worse shape than even the US investment banks were going into 2008. And this is based on their leverage ratios alone.

from UBS via ZeroHedge here

Europe Rumbles Continue Beneath More Upbeat Headlines – Ever since last week’s liquidity operation, most headlines out of Europe have leaned toward the reassuring side. Beneath those headlines, however, there are signs the strains remain and may, in fact, be growing.

European banks are making great use of the ECB’s overnight deposit facility. Last night they parked $590 billion at the ECB breaking the record they had set the night before. They are clearly unwilling to lend to other European banks, highlighting the distrust and fear in the interbank marketplace. While the ECB’s lending initiative calmed the markets somewhat, it apparently has done nothing to free up the logjam blocking interbank lending.

The distrust on the streets is said to be growing also. Barroom gossip says that safe-deposit boxes are in a demand that borders on frenzy. They allow you to take your Euros and covert them into something of value (gold, Swiss Francs, etc.) and sock it away in a safe place.

Others are said to be buying property in London and elsewhere lest you awake one day and discover that your Euros have reverted to drachmas or lira.

Savvy bankers are said to be setting up personal and communal trusts domiciled in places like the Bahamas, the Caymans or the Isle of Jersey. Some banks are offering depository accounts denominated (and repayable) in alternate currencies like the dollar or the yen.

We think a Lehman-like event would most likely be triggered by a run on a bank or a series of banks. The scramble for currency (value) protection among the public could turn into that bank run in the same way that a crowd can instantly turn into a mob. Watch the money flows out of Greece and Italy very carefully. The pot continues to bubble.

taken from a post on zerohedge here

The real story of the present is the shadow banking system, the unstable and massive repo market, and the apparent daisy chain of hyper-rehypothecated collateral. It looks like the sound bite version amounts to the fact that the European banking system is on the leading edge of collapse for the whole system. These institutions are by all evidence now badly deficient of the three hallmarks of real banks–deposits, capital and collateral.

BNP-Paribas is the classic example: $2.5 trillion of asset footings vs. $80 billion of tangible common equity (TCE) or 31X leverage; it has only $730 billion of deposits or just 29% of its asset footings compared to about 50% at big U.S. banks like JPM; is teetering on $500 billion of mostly unsecured long-term debt that will have to be rolled at higher and higher rates; and all the rest of its funding is from the wholesale money market , which is fast drying up, and from repo where it is obviously running out of collateral.

Looked at another way, the three big French banks have combined footings of about $6 trillion compared to France’s GDP of $2.2 trillion. So the Big Three french banks are 3X their dirigisme-ridden GDP. Good luck with that! No wonder Sarkozy is retreating on France’s AAA and was trying so hard to get Euro bonds. He already knows he is going to be the French Nixon, and be forced to nationalize the French banks in order to save his re-election.

By contrast, the top three U.S. banks which are no paragon of financial virtue–JPM, BAC, and C–have combined footings of $6 trillion or 40% of GDP. The French equivalent of that number would be $45 trillion. Can you say train wreck!

It is only a matter of time before these French and other European banks, which are stuffed with sovereign debt backed by no capital due to the zero risk weighting of the Basel lunacy, topple into the abyss of the shadow banking system where they have funded their elephantine balance sheets. And that includes Germany, too. The German banks are as bad or worse than the French. Did you know that Deutsche Bank is levered 60:1 on a TCE/assets basis, and that its Basel “risk-weighted” assets are only $450 billion, but actual balance sheet assets are $3 trillion? In other words, due to the Basel standards, which count sovereign and other AAA assets as risk free, DB has $2.5 trillion of assets with zero capital backing!

This is all a product of the deformation of central banking and monetary policy over the last four decades and the destruction of honest capital markets by the monetary central planners who run the printing presses. Furthermore, this has fostered monumental fiscal profligacy among politicians who have been told for years now that the carry cost of public debt is negligible and that there would always be a central bank bid for government paper. Perhaps we are now hearing the sound of some chickens coming home to roost.

This is an excellent piece posted at : http://charleshughsmith.blogspot.com/2011/11/whats-lost-with-demise-of-euro-only.html?

Buy his book here

Tuesday, November 22, 2011
What’s Lost With the Demise of the Euro? Only What Was Unsustainable

Scaremongering aside, the demise of the euro does not end European integration. It only means that which is unsustainable has been relinquished and a return to stability is finally possible.

So the euro is doomed. Toast. History. This will lead to:

1. the end of civilization

2. the end of European integration

3. the start of new Dark Ages

4. the return to a sustainable reality

The correct answer is 4. The euro was an unsustainable, self-destructing extension of the integration that has long simplified trade, travel and work throughout the EU (European Union).

At the risk of over-saturating you with more euro-related material, here are the basics we need to keep in mind as the third act plays out.

A common currency seemed like a good way to simplify trade and lower transaction costs. As I noted yesterday in Some Heretical Thoughts on the U.S. Dollar, such “folk” convictions rest on “sole-source causation”: in this case, that a single currency would only offer more benefits of integration because it lowered complexity and transaction costs.

The euro supporters forgot or ignored the primary purpose of national currencies:to account for differences in transparency, productivity, trust, money creation and risk between nations’ economies and their Central Banks/States.

If you remove this means of accounting for these fundamental differences, then you have removed a feedback loop from a dynamic system, and thus removed an absolutely essential flow of information and transparency.

What you’re left with is a system of lies, officially sanctioned opacity, misinformation, disinformation, cooked books, artifice and propaganda, i.e. exactly what Europe has become. With the euro, there was no way for the system to account for thr vast differences in debt loads, credit risks, transparency, productivity and a dozen other fundamentals that are expressed in foreign exchange rates.

By all accounts, Greece and Italy have painfully dysfunctional national finances and political Elites resistant to admitting the dysfunction is unsustainable. Once those nations revert to national currencies, then their currencies will reflect the market’s assessment of their economy and their national/Central Bank policies.

The same will hold true for all the other EU member states: the market will shift through the various metrics and feedback loops and reach an equilibrium around the value of each nation’s currency.

Profligate, over-indebted nations with dysfunctional Elites and systems plagued by political corruption and gridlock will see their currencies devalued and the interest rates they must pay to borrow money raise to the point that borrowing will no longer be an option to escape the consequences of profligacy, and the devalued currency will preclude buying imports from strong-currency nations.

These feedback loops are essential to providing the citizenry and their economy with the transparency and information they need to adapt to reality. The euro has erased all that vital information, leaving only interest rates as the sole expression of differences between economies.

Interest rates are simply not a rich enough source of information and market feedback to express the differences between national economies; the global markets need the information and feedback loop provided by currencies.

As I attempted to describe yesterday, currencies are not explicable with “sole-source causality” or “folk” understandings; they are distillations of numerous information feeds and feedback loops that only a transparent market can generate.

I have little doubt the euro is being held aloft by cloaked Central Bank intervention; the Elites are desperately attempting to cloak the system’s intrinsic dysfunction and stop the market from repricing the euro based on the inevitable return to national currencies.

Rather than fear this return to transparent feedback, we should welcome it and hurry it along. Systems which cut off feedback and choke transparency with artifice and lies are doomed to implode. If Europe ditches the failed “folk” experiment called the euro, then the process of recognizing and pricing dysfunction can begin, and the stability that only transparency and feedback can provide will soon return to the EU.

This may sound counter-intuitive, but it’s the only way forward to a sustainable, stable reality. The immense hubris of Europe’s dysfunctional Elites precludes their recognition that reality eventually trumps artifice and intervention. Their feeble, addled cries cannot turn back the tide, even if their bloated self-importance is infinite.

After the most awful piece that was published in Bloomberg last week [not linked] I was very glad to come across this clip and strongly recommend you listen to it. It’s about 27 minutes long.

Martin Armstrong Interview

Read all his stuff at http://www.martinarmstrong.org/economic_projections.htm

http://graphics.thomsonreuters.com/11/07/EZ_BNKEXP0711_SB.html

this from zerohedge .

written by Brian Rogers of Fator Securities

http://www.zerohedge.com/news/guest-post-welcome-currency-wars

Wither the Euro

Which brings us to Europe and the highly imperfect Euro. The only solution for Europe is a consolidation of fiscal authority at the national level, something like a United States of Europe. This will allow for the issuance of a Eurobond and allow the proverbial debt can to be kicked down the road a bit further. However, even this imperfect solution will never fly. There were times in the mid-2000s where the powers that be in Europe tried to pass a unifying constitution and they were soundly rejected. And this was when the economy was strong, jobs plentiful and the cost of integration viewed to be relatively light. In the current economic situation, however, integration seems unthinkable. All of the recent local and regional elections in Germany, Finland and elsewhere seem to verify this viewpoint as voters continue to elect politicians who will not support more bailouts or further losses of national sovereignty. Europeans are voting for less integration rather than more so this is a non-starter in my opinion. Which means more EUR weakness and eventually an unwind of the currency union. As investors exit the EUR, some will buy CHF and test the SNB. They lost billions earlier in the year on market interventions. They will lose billions more on this one until they eventually capitulate.

The currency union will fail not because the current political leadership wants it to, quite the opposite, it will fail because the people of Germany are Germans and don’t want to be equal members of a broader European concept called United Europe. Same thing for the Dutch, French, Belgians and others. This will ultimately kill the hope some hold out for the Eurobond concept. No fiscal union.

Print More Euros? Nein!

So the other option is massive printing, aka the preferred option of one Ben S. Bernanke. In my opinion, the ECB is really a proxy for the Bundesbank. The Germans, having a particular history with money printing to solve debt problems, will be loath to support much more printing and the polls in Germany so little support for this “solution.” Trichet will continue to print as the banking crisis worsens but at some point he will simply have to pull the plug and allow the chips to fall where they may. The Germans will not repeat the mistakes of the Weimar Republic, even if it means the breakup of the decade or so experiment called the Euro.

This means a banking crisis is coming. The major European are all under-reporting their exposure to the PIIGS because they are reporting net, not total exposure. They have hedged some of their PIIGS risk in the CDS market but in a modern-day banking crisis, the value of those hedges will approach zero as counterparty risk will surge once one of the main banks begins its death spiral. Redemptions will hit the hedge funds, forcing them to liquidate and further rendering the value of any protection they wrote worthless. A hedge only has value if your counterparty is financially able to deliver on the contract. With Greek paper implying at least a 40% haircut, the big banks in Europe are toast. And that’s only discussing Greece. If Italy comes under further pressure, forget it, game over. Italy is way Too Big To Bailout.

Could the US Fed end up purchasing European sovereign debt in an attempt to prevent a collapse of the Euro? Although it doesn’t seem too likely today, I wouldn’t bet against it completely. If buying more PIIGS debt helps keep the banks alive another day, then buy they will. Don’t be too surprised if it happens. As the Swiss and Brazilians just showed, all options are on the table.

This will affect the US banks as well, particularly the large derivative players. Counterparty risk will surge, funding will dry up and capital levels will be questioned in detail. And this particular leg of weakness doesn’t even consider the capital that may need to be raised from the FHFA lawsuits announced last week.

This will force the US government to enact the bank nationalizing powers of the Dodd-Frank Act to ring fence the good assets (assuming there are some) of the major US banks that come under fire. In turn, this will put significant pressure on the US government as the FDIC is forced to make good on billions of dollars of deposits. In addition to the billions being lost on the GSEs, the government will be forced to spend billions on the banking sector while teachers lose their jobs to austerity. This will further roil US politics as both major parties will want to bailout the banking sector but neither will want to move first! You think we had gridlock over the debt ceiling debate, you ain’t seen nothin’ yet!

He touches on the possibility of the Fed bailing out Europe..
I think the last throw of the dice will be concerted central bank intervention by all the major central banks, but this too will probably ‘fail’, since the whole system is gangrenous and what is needed is not that it be preserved but that the gangrene be excised.

Watch 1.3837.

If Chinabot doesn’t show up right beneath there then look for 1.3693

quite an interesting juncture…

A break of this uptrend would quickly target 1.3693…